Deciding on a birth control method is a significant personal choice, and the intrauterine device (IUD) is an increasingly popular option for many. With its “set it and forget it” convenience and long-term effectiveness, it’s easy to see why. However, like any medical procedure, it’s important to be fully informed before your appointment. Follow along to learn what every woman should know before an IUD insertion.
What Exactly is an IUD?
An IUD is a small, T-shaped device that a doctor or nurse places inside your uterus to prevent pregnancy. There are two main types available in the United States:
- Hormonal IUDs: These devices (brands include Mirena, Kyleena, Liletta, and Skyla) release a small amount of the hormone progestin to prevent pregnancy. They can last 3 to 8 years, depending on the brand. Many women also experience lighter periods, and some stop getting them altogether.
- Copper IUDs: The copper IUD (ParaGard) is hormone-free. It uses copper to create a toxic environment for sperm, preventing fertilization. It’s effective for up to 10 years and can also be used as a form of emergency contraception if inserted within five days of unprotected sex.
Both types are over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy, making them a popular and reliable choice for birth control.
How to Prepare for Your IUD Appointment
A little preparation can make a big difference on the day of your insertion.
Before Your Appointment
Before your appointment, take an over-the-counter pain medication about an hour before your procedure. This can help with the pain during the procedure.
You might feel fine to drive yourself home, but some people experience significant cramping or feel faint afterward. It’s a good idea to have a friend, a partner, or a rideshare service ready in case.
What to Expect During the Insertion
The IUD insertion itself is usually very quick, often lasting just a few minutes. First, you will have a consultation to discuss the procedure and confirm which IUD you want. Then, the medical staff will examine your pelvis and perform a pap smear. There are a few medical instruments used during an IUD procedure, so try to stay calm to avoid tensing up.
Then they’ll clean your cervix with an antiseptic solution and open your uterus with a sound to measure the depth of the uterus for the IUD. Finally, they will insert the IUD through the cervix and into the uterus.
Many people describe the sensation during insertion as a sharp, intense cramp that lasts for a few seconds. It can be uncomfortable, but it’s typically over quickly, so try to stay calm and remember to breathe throughout the procedure.
A More Informed Choice
Getting an IUD is a personal decision, but it doesn’t have to be an intimidating one. Understanding what occurs during an IUD insertion helps women feel more prepared and in control of their reproductive health journey. If you have any concerns, always speak with your healthcare provider—they are your best resource for personalized advice.
